Chien, Shiuh-Shen, Liang-Chih Chen and Dong-Li Hong (2017) Newly Industrializing Economies (NIEs). In D. Richardson, N. Castree, M. Goodchild, A. Kobayashi, W. Liu and R. Marston (Eds) The International Encyclopedia of Geography: People, the Earth, Environment, and Technology. Wiley.
Newly industrializing economies (NIEs) are those regions and countries that have undergone rapid economic growth via export‐oriented industrialization since World War II. This entry discusses three different, but interrelated, approaches to explain the rise of NIEs: the liberal market approach, focusing on international trade and cross‐border investment; the developmental state approach, emphasizing the role of state interventions behind development; and the technological upgrading approach, concerned with the means by which NIEs catch up technologically.